This collective aspect of IT is typically called historical trauma (HT). Specifically, it discusses collective, historical and intergenerational trauma and the value of these concepts in understanding the health and social challenges we see within colonized Indigenous. In addition to individual processes, there are collective and systemic processes of intergenerational risk associated with massive traumas like genocide, as well as political, social, and cultural traumas experienced by distinct groups, such as exploitation, oppression, and processes of colonization( e.g., displacement, cultural genocide, forced assimilation practices Braveheart & DeBruyn 1998 Danieli, 1998 Degruy-Leary, 2017 Duran & Duran, 1995). Furthermore, mother’s experience of physical neglect was associated with increased emotion dysregulation and diminished attachment quality in offspring, and these effects were greater when other forms of maltreatment were also present in the mother’s childhood. The traumatic intergenerational experience of Native Americans/First Nations Peoples may be one of the more familiar examples of historical trauma. (2022) found that maltreatment, especially physical neglect, in a mother’s childhood was associated with an increased risk of maltreatment in the following generations. Although numerous historically traumatic events occurred earlier, the 19th century in Canada was marked by government policies to assimilate Aboriginal peoples based on the assumption that Whites were inherently superior to the Indians they considered to be savage and uncivilized. A smaller body of work has emerged examining how trauma in one generation might impact subsequent generations, called intergenerational trauma (IT Braveheart et al., 2011 Bombay et al., 2009 Sangalang, & Vang, 2017). Indian Residential Schools as an example of historical trauma. Moreover, studies have identified mechanisms through which this relationship is mediated, such as dysfunctional attributions ( Hu et al., 2015), cognitive distortions (Smith et al., 2018), immature defenses mechanisms ( DiGuiseppe et al., 2021) and maladaptive coping ( Rettie & Daniels, 2021). The relationship between negative/traumatic events and psychological distress is well established for posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, and suicidality (Harkness & Hayden, 2020). The current review seeks to provide a brief introduction to this area of research. An increasing body of evidence indicates important mental health consequences on subsequent generations, at the individual, as well as the collective and systemic levels. All of those reactions to trauma (inability to connect, perpetual fear, anger, distrust, and more) can be passed along to your children.AN IMPORTANT FOCUS OF THE STUDY OF TRAUMA IS ITS INTERGENERATIONAL IMPACT. Or you become deeply distrustful of people in power because they've destroyed your family before and teach your children to feel the same. An example of these activities includes connecting with culture (dance, language, art, singing), Elders, and. Or perhaps the trauma of being separated from your child makes you feel overcome with grief, desperation, or rage and you're unable to be a caring parent to your other children. Search terms were historical trauma or intergenerational trauma or settler-colonization or intergenerational relations and Indigenous or Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander or Oceanic ancestry group. That unimaginable trauma of having your loved one ripped away from you might make you so terrified of losing another child that you emotionally detach and don't allow yourself to show love to another child again. Imagine you're a slave whose first child was taken from you and sold to another plantation owner. It's visible in American history with the wrongful displacement of Native Americans, the incarceration of Japanese-Americans in internment camps, and the centuries of brutal slavery. But you don't have to go abroad to understand the magnitude of intergenerational trauma.
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